Food allergy

Food allergies, defined as an immune response to food proteins, affect as many as 8% of young children and 2% of adults in westernized countries, and their prevalence appears to be rising like all allergic diseases. In addition to well-recognized urticaria and anaphylaxis triggered by IgE antibody-mediated immune responses,there is an increasing recognition of cell-mediated disorders such as eosinophilic esophagitis and food protein induced enterocolitis. New knowledge is being developed on the pathogenesis of both IgE and non-IgE mediated disease. Currently, management of food allergies consists of educating the patient to avoid ingesting the responsible allergen and initiating therapy if ingestion occurs. However, novel strategies are being studied, including sublingual?oral immunotherapy and others with a hope for future.

Approximately 25% of the United States population believes that they have an allergic reaction to foods.However, the actual incidence confirmed by history and challenges suggests a prevalence rate closer to 2-8% in young infants and less than 2% in adults. The most common food allergies in the United States are milk, egg, peanut, soy, wheat, tree nuts, fish and shellfish. The individual food allergy does vary by culture and population.

Many studies in the past few decades have shown that although 40%-60% of parents believed their child’s symptoms are related to food consumption, only 4%- 8% of children have symptoms reproduced by oral food challenges. The prevalence of food allergy is highest in infants and toddlers (6-8%) and decreases slightly with age, affecting almost 4% of the adults. The most common food allergens in the pediatric population include cow’s milk, eggs, peanuts, tree nuts, soy, wheat, fish, and shellfish, whereas peanuts,tree nuts, fish, and shellfish predominate in adults in the United States (US). The prevalence of sensitization to the specific food allergens varies based on the age and characteristics of the studied population, but studies incorporating diagnostic food challenges currently estimate that the prevalence of cow’s milk allergy in infants is 2.5%, egg hypersensitivity prevalence in young children is 1.6% and peanut allergy is estimated to be between 0.8 and 1.5%

Diagonis

The patient’s history can be a powerful tool, especially if the patient and family are objective historians.But the family’s own perceptions and knowledge often influence history. Food allergy is clearly suspected more often than it is found by accurate diagnostic procedures and is confirmed by challenges in less than 20% of the time. In general, the history can be more helpful in IgE-mediated disorders, because these reactions occur so soon after food ingestion and because multiple target organs are affected. History is harder for food-protein induced enterocolitis, where symptoms occur hours later or days later in

eosinophilic esophagitis.

FOOD ALLERGY THERAPY

The only proven therapy is food elimination. However, many families find it is difficult to read labels as many foods have multiple ways to call an ingredient (for example, casein, whey and lactoalbumin for milk). Therefore, governments enacted labeling laws.For example, in Japan, labeling of food for common

allergies by Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (2001) mandate labeling for 5 food (milk, egg, peanut, wheat and buckwheat) with Ministerial Ordinance No.23 of 2001 and recommended labeling for 19 more foods (abalone, squid, salmon roe, shrimp?prawn, orange, crab, kiwifruit, beef, tree nuts,salmon, mackerel, soybeans, chicken, pork, Matsu take mushrooms, peaches, yams, apples and gelatin).

The United States enacted FALPCA in 2005 to help with reading labels to prevent accidental exposure to foods for 8 most common food allergens (milk, egg, peanuts, tree nuts, fish, shellfish, soy, and wheat). Allpatients at risk for anaphylaxis must be trained to identify early symptoms and be prepared to treat appropriately. Auto-injectable epinephrine is essential together with education to help identify avoidable

risks.

FUTURE THERAPIES

One alternative approach to prevent food allergies was to delay the introduction, promote breast feeding

or remove the allergen from the mother’s diet during pregnancy. Overall, these therapeutic options have not been successful. In fact, the recent study by Lack and colleagues suggest that the delayed introduction of peanut in the England can account for the increased food allergy compared to “genetically” matched control group in Israel with 10 fold peanut allergy in England. However, this can not account for the increased rate of sesame seed allergy in Israel, which is also introduced early into the diet. The only dietary measure which has been shown to be important in well conduced longitudinal studies is the introduction formulas and solid foods into infants’ diet before 4-6 months of age diets. Therefore, the American Academy of Pediatrics no longer recommends food avoidance during pregnancy and has no specific recommendation on food reintroduction beside breast feeding and no solids until 4 months of age.

CHINESE HERBAL THERAPIES

Recent work by Li has suggested the unique combination of herbs Zhi Fu Zi (Radix Lateralis Aconiti Carmichaeli Praeparata) and Xi Xin (Herba Asari),could also help with the induction of tolerance.

As a conclusion it can be said,food allergies are a common pediatric condition affecting 4-6% of the US population. Food allergies are continuing to rise similar to other food allergies, but the exact cause for the rise is unknown. Increased understanding for the pathogenesis of both IgE and non-IgE mediated reactions have been done with the use of new techniques and murine models. These advances are creating the opportunities for novel therapies for food allergy. However, at the current time,the only treatment is avoidance.

Hypoglycemia

For many decades, Hypoglycemia was both shunned and denied by the mainstream medical profession. Millions of people went to their physicians with a long list of debilitating symptoms, only to be told that they were all psychological and if they persist, psychiatric help may be necessary. This  ‘mis-diagnosis' only led these people to further and further desperation. Many of them even resorted to such   drastic measures as suicide. This, in turn, further fueled the argument that these people were suffering from a mental disorder.

             

 Today, we know that Hypoglycemia or low blood sugar is both real and very common. It is THE Chronic Condition of the Twentieth Century.Like many such chronic illnesses, Hypoglycemia was virtually unknown  at the turn of the last century. This means that these conditions have escalated to epidemic proportions in less than 4 generations!Whenever we see such an incredible rise in a non-contagious disease condition, we cannot help but look towards the environment for answers. Remember, that which affects the human biochemistry most directly is food consumption.

At the turn of the last century, the average person consumed five to seven pounds of sugar per year. Today, we all consume at least our own body weight in sugars every single year! Further, the refining of  whole wheat into white flour has produced a substance that is,  chemically, one small step away from sugar. This means everything  made from white flour contributes to the overall consumption of sugars   that the internal biochemistry must regularly deal with.

After months or years of this continual onslaught against normal  chemistry, the body loses the ability to regulate sugars.  This produces rapid rises and falls in the level of glucose in the bloodstream. Low  blood levels of glucose would be Hypoglycemia, and high levels of blood glucose would be an indication of Diabetes. Two seemingly opposite problems but with the same basic cause, namely, excess  sugar, and sugar-forming foods in the diet.While there can be several causes for clinical Hypoglycemia such as excess alcohol consumption, stress, or certain prescription drugs, ninety-nine percent is the result of dietary abuse.

The symptoms of Hypoglycemia are many and can come and go with great regularity. This often makes the disorder difficult to diagnose.The only scientific way to determine clinical Hypoglycemia is through  the 6 hour Glucose Tolerance Test. (Anything less than 6 hours is non-conclusive)  The number and frequency of certain symptoms is also a valid determining factor for the presence of Hypoglycemia. Let's look at  these many symptoms, keeping in mind that you may experience  more than one of these symptoms at the same time. They may come and go, only to return again.

                 

 If you experience any significant number of these symptoms on a  somewhat regular basis, you can be fairly certain that you have Hypoglycemia, and if left unchecked, will likely progress to Diabetes.

                    Headache

                    Blurred or double vision

                    Mental confusion

                    Tingling sensation in fingers or tongue

                    Ringing in the ears

                    Elevated pulse rate (even when resting)

                    Difficulty in tasting sweet foods (needing more sugar)

                    Irritability

                    Anxiety

                    Emotional outbursts

                    Reduced physical coordination

                    Tiredness or even fatigue

                    Weakness

                    Sudden awakening from a sound sleep

                    Rapid and shallow breathing

                    Nervousness

                  

                    Hot flash feelings

                    Cold and clammy skin

                    Restlessness

                    Nausea

                    Overweight by more than 25 pounds

                    Insomnia

                    Nightmares

                 

If you experience eight or more of these symptoms on a regular basis,  and other possible causes have been ruled out, you can consider  yourself a Hypoglycemic.

  

There are two types of Hypoglycemics. The most common form occurs along with excess bodyweight. The second, more obscure form,produces normal or likely an underweight condition. The cause of both is the same, namely excess insulin in the bloodstream, but the manner in which we manage the conditions differs slightly.        

                 

 Medically, the cause of Hypoglycemia, most all obesity, and Adult-Onset Diabetes is called Hyperinsulinemia, or excess Insulin.  In  the Hypoglycemic patient, excess Insulin is produced by the Pancreas and subsequently drives the level of blood sugar, down below the  optimal level. This dip in blood sugar for prolonged periods of time produces the many side effects and symptoms listed above.

If you are patient of Hypoglycemia then you should consult with a doctor.

                   

                  

                   

                  

  

                   

                  

                   

                  

               

                

          

                 

                   

                                     

                  

                 

                 

                 

                 

                  

                   

                  

                 

                  

                 

Nausea during pregnancy

 A few lucky women do not have nausea or vomiting during pregnancy. About one in four pregnant women have only mild nausea. Three in every ten pregnant women have nausea severe enough to affect their daily lives. One half of all pregnant women experience both nausea and vomiting during the first months of pregnancy. Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy tends to be the worst 8 to 10 weeks after your last menstrual period. It usually goes away by 12 to 16 weeks after your last period. It is often called “morning sickness,” but it can occur all day long.

Indeed we all do not know for sure what causes nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. Changes in hormone levels play a role. If your mother had morning sickness when she was pregnant, you may be more likely to have nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. A history of motion sickness or stomach problems before you got pregnant may be another risk factor.

Many people asks that Nausea and Vomiting During Pregnancy is Dangerous? Here the expert says that  Mild to moderate nausea and vomiting may make you feel awful, but it will not hurt you or your baby. Severe vomiting during  pregnancy—that prevents you from keeping any food down—is called hyperemesis gravidarum. It is rare, but can cause health problems. You should call your health care provider if any of the following apply to you:

1. You are not able to keep any liquids or foods down for 24 hours

2. You are vomiting several times a day or after every meal

3. You have abdominal pain, difficulty urinating, or you have a fever

TIPS TO TREAT NAUSEA AND VOMITING DURING PREGNANCY

First Step: Lifestyle and Diet Changes

1.     Nausea during pregnancy is worse if you are dehydrated (if there is not enough fluid in your body) or

2.     if the levels of sugar in your blood are low from not eating often enough.

3.      Eat plain crackers or dry toast in the morning before getting out of bed and at any time during the day

4.     when you feel nauseous.

5.     Instead of three large meals, eat small meals every 2 to 3 hours.

6.      Avoid foods that have strong odors.

7.      Sucking on a lemon or lime slice may help.

8.      Try eating foods that are high in carbohydrates, such as potatoes, noodles, or toast.

9.     Do not lie down right after eating.

10.  Try drinking carbonated beverages between meals; wait for 30 minutes after eating to drink liquids.

11.  Dairy products may make nausea and vomiting worse, but some women say yogurt is helpful.

12.  Avoid foods that are greasy, fried, spicy, or very hot.

13.  Some women find that prenatal vitamins make their nausea worse. If so, check with your health care provider about stopping the vitamins until the nausea goes away. If you stop taking a prenatal multivitamin, you should take one tablet of folic acid daily (0.4 mg, which is 400 micrograms per day) during the first trimester. Folic acid tablets will not worsen nausea.

Second Step: Nonmedication Treatment

Ginger

Ginger has been used for treating nausea since ancient times. Ginger root tea, ginger gum, ginger snaps,ginger syrup added to water, and ginger ale are all safe, and can decrease the severity of your nausea. You can also buy ginger capsules at a drug store. The dose of ginger that has been tested is 1 gram (250 mg capsules powdered ginger taken four times per day). Ginger capsules come in several doses. If you want to use ginger capsules, ask your health care provider how often you should take them. Acupressure Bands Seabands are wristbands with a pressure point placed on the inside of your wrist. They are often used for motion sickness. Some women find them helpful for their nausea, and they are safe.

I recommend you to check up frequently during your pregnancy with you doctor.Don't take anything lightly.

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SYMPTOMS NOT TO BE IGNORED DURING PREGNANCY

INFERTILITY CAUSES

About plastic surgery

We all have heard the term plastic surgery,but I guess only few have idea about it in details.Facial plastic surgery can be reconstructive to correct facial feature anomalies or cosmetic to improve the appearance. Both corrective as well as cosmetic surgeries alter the original facial information to a great extent thereby posing a great challenge for face recognition algorithms.

TYPES OF FACIAL PLASTIC SURGERY

When an individual undergoes plastic surgery, the facial features are reconstructed either globally or locally. Therefore, in general, plastic surgery can be classified into two distinct categories.

 Disease correcting local plastic surgery (Local surgery): This is a kind of surgery in which an individual undergoes local plastic surgery for correcting defects, anomalies, or improving skin texture. Local plastic surgery techniques can be applied for possibly three different purposes: 1) to correct by-birth

anomalies, 2) to cure the defects that are result of some accident, and 3) to correct the anomalies that have developed over the years.Examples of diseasecorrecting local plastic surgery would be surgery for correcting jaw and teeth structure, nose structure, chin, forehead and eyelids etc. Local plastic surgery is also aimed at reshaping and restructuring facial features to improve the aesthetics. This type of local surgery leads to varying amount of changes in the geometric distance between facial features but the overall texture and appearance may look similar to the original face. However, any of the local plastic surgery procedures may be performed in conjunction with one or more such procedures and an amalgamate of such procedures may

result in a fairly distinct face when compared to the original face.

Plastic surgery for reconstructing complete facial structure (Global surgery): Apart from local surgery, plastic surgery can be performed to completely change the facial structure which is known as full face lift. Global plastic surgery is recommended for cases where functional damage has to be cured such as

patients with fatal burns or trauma. Note that, global plastic surgery is primarily aimed at reconstructing the features to cure some functional damage rather than to improve the aesthetics. In this type of surgery, the appearance,texture and facial features of an individual are reconstructed to resemble normal human face

but are usually not the same as the original face. Furthermore, global plastic surgery may also be used to entirely change the face appearance,skin texture and other facial geometries making it arduous for any face recognition system to recognize faces before and after surgery. Therefore, it can also be misused by

criminals or individuals who want to remain elusive from law enforcement and pose a great threat to society despite all the security mechanism in-place.

 In the above mentioned categories of facial plastic surgery, there are several types of surgeries which are described as follows:

1) Rhinoplasty (nose surgery): It is used to reconstruct the nose in cases involving birth defects, accidents where nose bones are damaged and also to cure breathing problems caused due to the nasal structure. Cosmetic Rhinoplasty is used for those who wish to straighten or narrow their nose to improve their

facial appearance. It is also used to prevent the nose structure deformation due to aging.

2) Blepharoplasty (eyelid surgery): Eyelid is the thin skin that covers and protects our eyes. Blepharoplasty may be used to reshape both upper as well as lower eyelid in cases where excessive growth of skin tissues on the eyelid causes vision problem.

3) Brow lift (forehead surgery): It is generally recommended for patients above the age of 50 who suffer from flagging eyebrows (due to aging) which obstruct vision. It is also helpful in removing thick wrinkles from the forehead and giving a younger look.

4) Genioplasty/Mentoplasty (chin surgery): It is mostly used to reshape the chin including smooth rounding of the chin, correcting bone damages, and reducing/augmenting chin bones.

5) Cheek implant: It is used to improve the facial appearance and it can be divided into two classes, malar and sub-malar augmentation. In malar augmentation a solid implant is fitted over the cheek bone whereas in sub-malar augmentation implants are fitted in the middle of the cheeks where the person has a recessed (hollow) look.

6) Otoplasty (ear surgery): It involves bringing the ears closer to the face, reducing the size of ears and orienting/pruning some structural ear elements.

7) Liposhaving (facial sculpturing): It is a technique used to get rid of the excess fat attached to the skin surface on the face, especially in chin and jaw regions. This technique is commonly used to remove the dual chin that grows because of surplus fat below the chin.

8) Skin resurfacing (skin peeling): There are different techniques such as laser resurfacing and chemical peel to treat wrinkles, stretch marks, acne and other skin damages caused due to aging and sun burn. Skin resurfacing results in smooth skin with ameliorated texture.

9) Rhytidectomy (face lift): It is used to treat patients with severe burns on face and neck. Face lift surgery can also be employed to fight aging and get a younger look by tightening the face skin and thus minifying wrinkles.

10) Lip augmentation: Lips have a pronounced role in an individual’s beauty. Cosmetic surgery for lip augmentation involves proper shaping and enhancement of lips with injectable filler substances.

11) Craniofacial: This type of surgery is employed to treat by-birth anomalies such as Clift lip and palate (a gap in the roof of mouth), microtia (small outer ear) and other congenital defects of jaws and bones. Some defects may be treated soon after birth but for some (like microtia), the patient may have to wait up to an age of 10-14 years.

PLASTIC SURGERY AND FACE RECOGNITION

Most of the existing face recognition algorithms have predominantly focused on mitigating the effects of pose, illumination and expression, and no attempt has been made to study the effect of local and global plastic surgery on face recognition. As facial plastic surgery procedures become more and more prevalent, face recognition systems will be challenged to recognize individuals after plastic surgery has been performed. In this section, we investigate different aspects related to plastic surgery and face recognition. Specifically, a plastic surgery face database is prepared and performance of six face recognition algorithms is evaluated.

More info if you want then you can search wikipedia, hope you will get the all answers

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Take care your skin

Covering you from head to toe, the skin is one of the fundamental parts of your body's defense system, which protects you from bacteria, dirt and other foreign objects and the ultraviolet rays of the sun, and contains the nerve endings that let you know if something is hot or cold, soft or hard, sharp or dull. Your skin also plays an important role in regulating your body’s fluids and temperature. Remember that clean and healthy skin means a healthy body and a happier you.  

Now you thinking what exactly mean by healthy skin?Healthy skin is smooth, with no breaks in the surface. It is warm (not hot or red) and neither dry and flaky nor moist and wrinkled. Healthy skin is a mirror of a healthy body. Hygiene goes beyond the simple task of making sure you don't smell bad when you go out in the street. Proper hygiene means keeping clean the largest organ in your body and also the most exposed to the hazards of this world. Here's a list featuring simple tips for your daily hygiene:

Take Care of Your Skin

To keep your skin healthy, eat a well-balanced diet that includes plenty of protein foods, fruits and vegetables (fresh if possible) and liquids. If you have a skin problem, such as a pressure sore or a healing surgical incision, you should increase your intake of protein (lean meats, dairy foods and legumes), carbohydrates (breads, cereals), vitamins A, Cand E, and zinc. Extra iron may be needed if you are anemic.

Smoking 

DON’T! Nicotine in cigarettes causes blood vessels to get small (constrict) and prevents blood, oxygen and

nutrients from flowing to the body tissues.

Edema or swelling caused by fluid collecting in the tissues, usually occurs in a part of the body that is not moved frequently and is below the level of the heart (i.e., the feet, legs and hands). Skin over areas of edema becomes thin and pale and injures easily because of poor circulation. Edema can be prevented by elevating your legs and hands frequently, performing regular Range of Motion (ROM) exercises and wearing compressive stockings. 

Anemia 

(a decrease in red blood cells). Oxygen is essential for skin health, and is carried by red blood cells. A decrease in their number means less oxygen gets to the skin, which means that skin cells may become unhealthy or even die. Anemia should be evaluated and treated by your health care provider.

Vascular Disease

or a narrowing of the blood vessels, can be caused by diabetes, smoking, high blood pressure or elevated cholesterol. The result is decreased blood flow to the skin. Work closely with your health care provider to manage conditions that can lead to vascular disease and cause skin problems.

Some other tips

Protect your skin from the sun and avoid prolonged exposure.Sun exposure increases your risk of skin

cancer, such as melanoma, by causing mutations in your DNA. It also causes premature aging of the skin (which results in wrinkles and thin skin), brown discolorations and uneven texture. Seek shade under an umbrella or tree, and wear sunscreen, a hat and sun-protective clothing.

Avoid tanning salons.They emit UV radiation, which causes wrinkles, melanoma and other skin cancers.

Perform a monthly skin check. You are most likely the first to notice a new growth that could be

cancerous. Every month, examine your skin from head to toe. For your back and other hard-to-see spots, use a handheld and/or full-length mirror, or enlist the help of a partner. If you see something unusual, seek medical attention as soon as possible.

Moisturize your skin. During cold and dry weather, apply a thick moisturizing cream. When the weather

is warmer, switch to a lighter lotion.

Avoid irritating chemicals and harsh soaps. Choose moisturizing,gentle cleansers, especially if your skin is dry or sensitive. Use soap only where needed, such as the underarms, and avoid areas that tend to dry out easily,such as the arms and legs.

Consider applying a retinoid cream to boost collagen production. Retinoid creams can’t remove deep wrinkles, but can improve your skin’s appearance. These creams typically contain retinol or prescription tretinoin (generic name for Retin-A or Renova).

Choose a high SPF sunscreen. Recent research has shown that we do not apply as much sunscreen as manufacturers do when they are rating the SPF (sun protection factor). So a sunscreen with SPF 30 in “real life” may only offer an SPF of 10 or 15. For everyday application, use at least SPF 30. For sunny days at the beach or on the golf course, go with an even higher SPF.

Have a beautiful skin.

Easy steps to beautiful hair

There’s nothing more radiant than healthy, shiny hair. And you can get the hair you've always dreamed of when you develop a step-by-step effective routine. Caring hair is the most important part for every woman as they can’t live without it. But many cases I have seen that women let their hair fall doing some wrong practices. You should always know that your hair is different than others and you should not copy others rather than take care your own hair type. Here are the some very simple and effective steps can change your hair problem. I got these tips from one of my friends who is hair expert .

 Step 1: Cut

A good cut should fall into place without a lot of effort. So work with the hair type you have, not against it. Also keep in mind your daily routine when talking to your stylist. Then be sure to maintain the look with a trim every six weeks.

 Step 2: Cleanse

Choose the formula best suited to your hair type, massaging the lather through your hair to improve blood circulation and deliver nutrients to your hair and scalp.

 Step 3: Condition

If you do nothing else differently, be sure to condition your hair every day. This simple step restores much-needed moisture to your hair.

 Step 4: Treat

Like masks and scrubs for your face, weekly treats for your tresses can do a lot  of good in just a little time.

 Step 5: Style

Never brush hair when it’s wet. Instead, use a wide-tooth comb or pick. Then experiment with different products. Gels provide the most control, while mousse is great for adding volume, and sprays work well for finishing touches.

Be your own hair expert and let it shine. Hope you got benefits from this writing. If you still have problems with hair for other reasons then you should visit to a good hair expert.
  
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Can a heart attack be treated!

A heart attack occurs when one or more coronary arteries that supply blood to your heart muscle become blocked off. Medically, it is referred to as a myocardial infarction or MI.  If the blood supply is cut off for more that a certain period of time, usually about 20 minutes, the muscle cells in the heart which are supplied by that artery may die.  

Main cause of heart attack

From early life the coronary arteries which supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle may narrow because of a build up of fatty plaques on their inner lining. This build up of plaque is due to a condition called “atherosclerosis”. If the plaque inside a coronary artery breaks, a blood clot occurs at this spot. This clot may block off the artery completely.  This is when you might feel the symptoms of heart attack.

The most common symptom of a heart attack is chest pain. This is usually a ‘crushing’ or ‘tight’ pain which may move to your jaw or to your arms particularly on the left side. This pain is not relieved by

resting and is usually prolonged (over 20 minutes). You may also feel short of breath, sweaty or feel sick. Some people may feel light-headed or even lose consciousness. You may become very anxious or afraid. However, 10-15% of people who have a heart attack may not feel anything. This is more common in older people especially women and those with diabetes. Sometimes these people may just feel weak, tired, or short of breath.  

Now the most common question is can heart attack be treated? The answer is yes and it can be treated. Once you arrive in hospital and a heart attack is suspected, an E.C.G. is performed. You will also receive oxygen, pain relief, aspirin and a nitrate spray under your tongue. Nitrates keep the arteries relaxed as much as possible so that more blood gets to the heart muscle. Once a heart attack has been diagnosed, the doctor will then decide on the best treatment option for you. It is extremely important that you present to A&E as soon as you experience chest pain as time can save the muscle of your heart. 

The most important decision is to try and open up the blocked artery. This can be achieved in two ways. Firstly you can be given drugs that break down the clot in the artery. These drugs are called “thrombolytics” (clot busting drugs). They are very powerful clot dissolving drugs and there are strict medical conditions for receiving thrombolytics. Your doctor will take great care to find out if you meet these medical conditions thus preventing any potential complications for receiving them. Secondly, patients may go directly to the Cardiac Catherisation Laboratory for “angioplasty”.  Angioplasty involves inserting a wire into the arteries and passing a small balloon into the artery that is blocked. The balloon is then inflated so that the clot and plaque that blocked the artery are pushed to the side. A small metal cage called a stent is inserted to keep the artery open. This allows blood to flow back into the area of the heart muscle that had its blood supply cut off. This may prevent a further area of the heart muscle from dying.   

Teeth whitening

Teeth whitening is a highly effective way of lightening the natural colour of your teeth without removing any of the tooth surface. White teeth look great- attractive, youthful and clean. Few people have naturally white teeth, and teeth can become darker with age. Smoking and drinks such as tea, coffee and red wine will also progressively darken the teeth.

Now let me explore this process of whitening . Teeth whitening is a bleaching process that lightens discoloration and removes stains from within the enamel of the teeth.

During your consultation the procedure will be discussed with you to determine if tooth whitening is suitable in your case. Teeth whitening does not affect the colour of artificial teeth, crowns, veneers or fillings. An impression of your teeth is taken with a dental compound. This is used to make thin, clear trays, which fit snugly over your teeth. You are given syringes of gel that contain a 15% carbamide peroxide bleaching agent. You simply place some of the gel in the tray and fit it over your teeth for a few hours daily for one to three weeks. You need to wear the tray for at least three hours each day- or overnight if you prefer. We will see you again to review progress after two weeks.

Many of you thinking about the process safety but I say it safe and it has been proved by researchers. Research and clinical studies indicate that whitening teeth with carbamide peroxide and/or hydrogen peroxide under the supervision of a dentist is safe for teeth and gums. It is ok for everyone and Teeth whitening can only lighten the existing colour of your natural teeth. It will not work on any types of ‘false’ teeth such as crowns, veneers or dentures. These may need replacing if they are stained or are the wrong colour. If you have white fillings, these will not change and may also need to be replaced to match your whitened teeth.

The effects of whitening normally last for many years, although this will vary from person to person. Inevitably with time the teeth will start to darken again due to drinks and food (and more rapidly if you are a smoker). Most people like to maintain their whitening effect by using the gel for one or two nights every three to six months.

OTHER METHODS

There is also other method like “Zoom”, “power whitening” and “laser whitening” are all techniques which are completed at a single visit in the surgery.They use extra strong gels kept on the teeth for an hour and are often activated using bright lights.There are some disadvantages to this technique: it is more expensive (typically £450-600), can be uncomfortable and can produce a less long-term shade change of the teeth; largely due to

dehydration of the enamel. However, if in-surgery whitening is used and followed up with home whitening it can give outstanding results. Please ask your dentist if you are interested in this type of whitening.

 SIDE EFFECTS OF TEETH WHITENING

Most people find that their teeth become sensitive to cold during the

treatment. You may find you need to have a break from whitening for a day or so or use a toothpaste such as “Sensodyne” to reduce the effect. If you have natural white flecks in

your enamel these will become more apparent during treatment but will fade following treatment.  But in case of whitening toothpastes they do not affect the natural colour of your teeth. They may be effective at removing staining and may help maintain the effect of professional whitening.

You can visit your dental expert who can give much more clarity about this process. But always remember for any kind of treatment that your health condition is perfect for that .

BEST OF LUCK

Cord blood banking

The cord blood is the blood that is in a newborn baby’s umbilical cord and the placenta after birth
and after the umbilical cord has been cut. The collection and storage of cord blood with the intention of using it to treat a medical condition.

Cord blood contains blood stem cells (also called Haematopoietic stem cells), which can turn into the cells found in blood and the immune system. Blood stem cells can be used in transplants to treat diseases like leukemia as well as some genetic conditions.

No. Many organs and tissues in the human body contain “adult stem cells”.

These can be found in people of all ages and can develop into a number of types

of cells in the body, such as liver cells and nerve cells. Cord blood stem cells are one type of adult stem cell. Blood stem cells, like those found in cord blood, are also present in bone marrow (inside the bone cavities, where blood is formed). Bone marrow stem cells can also be released into the peripheral blood (blood that is circulating in the body) under certain circumstances.

GENETIC CONDITIONS CAN BE TREATED WITH CORD BLOOD.

You would need to discuss potential treatments with the doctor looking after the child/family member with the genetic condition, but in general terms, conditions that can be treated with bone marrow transplant can often be treated using a cord blood transplant, and the groups of genetic conditions for which cord stem cell transplant might be offered are:

metabolic storage disorders

some immune system disorders

Haematological disorders including Haemoglobinopathies, e.g.Thalassaemia and sickle cell disease. For these disorders it is important for families to know that the cord blood must be an exact tissue match (‘HLA-identical’) with the affected child – otherwise the cord blood cannot be used for a transplant. The chance of the cord blood being an exact match is around 25%. (A good HLA match is required for metabolic storage and immune system disorders but an exact match is not necessary for all of them.)

THE ADVANTAGES OF A CORD BLOOD TRANSPLANT, COMPARED WITH A BONE MARROW TRANSPLANT

(the standard treatment) are as follows:

there are fewer complications with a cord blood transplant

it is easier to find a match from stem cells than from bone marrow. This, in turn, leads to increased access to transplantation, particularly for patients from ethnic minorities

cord blood can be frozen and stored .for years so it is more readily available

there are fewer delays with a cord blood transplant. Delays are inevitable in the case of bone marrow transplants because of the need to search registers, contact would-be donors and the bone marrow retrieval procedure itself.

MORE CORD BLOOD BANKING

The cord blood might not contain enough stem cells for a transplant, particularly if the transplant recipient is an adult. If this is the case, cord blood from unrelated donors can be used instead of or in addition to your stored cord blood.

There could be practical drawbacks, for example in some hospitals it may be difficult to arrange for the cord blood to be collected. Also, the blood will not be collected if this will distract staff from caring for the mother in labour and the newborn baby.

Cord blood transplant to treat genetic conditions is quite demanding for the patient. As is the case with bone marrow transplants, it would involve high-dose chemotherapy to suppress the immune system, followed by the patient being in isolation after the transplant has been given.

The potential risks and benefits should be discussed with your obstetrician and

the doctor looking after the child/family member with the genetic condition. You should also try to seek specialist advice on risks and benefits from a centre that specializes in the genetic condition affecting your family.

IF YOU DECIDE TO USE A PRIVATE CORD BLOOD BANK, THESE QUESTIONS SHOULD YOU ASK THEM?

Is the bank licensed by the HTA to store cord blood?

Can cord blood stored with the bank be used for transplants in NHS hospitals?

Will my child’s cord blood only be available for my family to use?

What technology does the bank use to process the cord blood (is the cord blood stored whole or reduced

volume)?

Has the bank had any successful cord blood transplants?

Who are the bank’s staff and what are their qualifications?

Where will the cord blood be stored?

How long will they store the cord blood for?

How will they ensure the security of my cord blood?

What would happen to my cord blood if the storage facility broke down?

What would happen to my cord blood if the bank went out of business?

How will they safeguard the privacy of my information?

Will the bank use my child’s cord blood for any other purposes, e.g. for research?

Will there be any additional costs?

Could there be any problems that I might need to bear in mind?

Have a secure life to all……….

Muscle stretch instructions

I have already discussed about the stretches and now today I am sharing the techniques of different body stretches.You need to read all these below instruction carefully then you can try at home.Don’t hurry just do it slowly you will be in gaining side.

NECK

laying on your back holding your upper head in your cupped hands;

Forward stretch – chin to chest

Right stretch—angle head to right while stretching muscle. You should feel the stretch on the LEFT side of your neck and even in the left mid-shoulder area.

Left stretch—angle head to left while stretching. You should feel the stretch on the RIGHT side of your neck and even in the right mid-shoulder area.

MIDBACK: Flat on back.

Pull your knees up to your chest, and continue arching back, drawing knees closer to your head. The full stretch will occur when you have your knees right next to your head, on the floor. This, of course, will take some time and effort for most people since most haven’t done this kind of stretch for decades. It can be quite helpful to have someone support your back in this stretch until your range of motion increases.

* A word of caution with this stretch. You will find that the older you are, the less you will be able to perform this stretch. You won’t be able to overcome 20, 30, 40 years of tightness in a day or two. If you are elderly, or in poor health now, you may want to check with your doctor regarding some of these stretches.

A variation of this stretch is to do the above stretch to whatever degree you are able, and ant the same time, pull your head forward, tucking your chin to your chest. This will often cause your mid back spine to move” and you will hear the “cracking.”

LOW BACK: Laying on floor.

Pull both knees to chest.

Pull right knee to chest, using only your arms and relaxing your leg and hip muscles, and keeping your left leg as straight as possible, and resting on the floor.

Pull left knee to chest, using only your arms and relaxing your leg and hip muscles, and keeping your right leg as straight as possible, and resting on the floor.

Lying on your back, rotate your hips to the left, with your right side up, and your right leg drawn toward your chest somewhat, but keeping your upper back as flat on floor as you can. You may have the right shoulder riding up off the floor to allow for your right knee to touch the floor. Relax as much as possible and hold for 30-60+ seconds.

Lying flat on your back, rotate your hips to the right, left side up, with left leg drawn toward your chest somewhat, but keeping your upper back as flat on floor as you can. You may have the left shoulder riding up off the floor to allow for your left knee to touch the floor. Relax as much as possible and hold for 30-60+ seconds.

BUTTOCKS: Laying on floor.

This particular stretch effects THE most overlooked set of muscles in the body. This is similar to the knee to chest stretch above, and can be done at the same time as the above stretches.

Pull your left knee to your chest, keeping your other leg straight as possibly. As you pull the knee toward your body as far as possible, angle it to the right across your midline.

Keep your left hand on your knee, maintaining the stretch, and place your right hand on your lower leg or ankle. As you angle your knee across your midline to the right, begin pulling on your lower leg toward your head. You will begin to feel the tightness right in the butt area, a DEEP tightness or pain. These are the muscles that quite often cause low back, hip and thigh pain due to spasms.

Pull your right knee to your chest, keeping your other leg straight as possibly. As you pull the knee toward your body, angle it to the left across your midline. Keep your right hand on your knee, maintaining the stretch, and place your left hand on your lower leg or ankle. As you angle your knee across your midline to the left, begin pulling on your lower leg toward your head. You will begin to feel the tightness in the left butt area. A DEEP tightness or pain. These are the muscles that quite often cause low back, hip and thigh pain due to spasms.

SHOULDER/UPPER BACK

Reach across your chest with your right arm and grab your left arm just above the elbow. Keep your left arm straight and pull your left arm across to your right as far as you can. At the same time, turn your head half way to the right and drop your chin to your chest. Let your neck relax and maintain the pull on your left arm. You should feel the tightness in your left shoulder blade area, the area between your spine and your shoulder blade, and your left neck area. These are muscles that can cause headache, neck pain, arm pain and upper back pain.

Reach across your chest with your left arm and grab your right arm just above the elbow. Keep your right arm straight and pull your right arm across to your left as far as you can. At the same time, turn your head half way to the left and drop your chin to your chest. Let your neck relax and maintain the pull on your right arm. You should feel the tightness in your right shoulder blade area, as well as the area between your spine and your shoulder blade, and your right neck area. These are muscles that can cause headache, neck pain, arm pain and upper back pain.

THIGH: Sitting on floor.

Bend your right leg so as to almost sit on your right foot. Keep your left leg straight or slightly bent at the knee. Supporting yourself with your hands behind you on the floor, slowly lower your upper body toward the floor. It probably won’t take long before you feel the discomfort right in the middle of your front thigh area. Few people will be able to lower themselves to the floor at first. Just go to the point where the tightness or discomfort begins, but don’t back off from this pain. You NEED to go INTO the pain a little in order to make any changes to the tight muscle. RELAX the muscle. you will find yourself tightening the muscle as you feel the discomfort to prevent the stretch. This won’t work. Just go as far as you can without feeling the need to tighten the muscle, but FAR enough to feel the stretch. Having some support at your back as you do this can help. Hold the position and try to relax the muscle as much as possible. Remember, this isn’t a torture session. It IS meant to loosen and relax the muscles. If you are stretching this or any muscle too much, you won’t be able to relax it.

Bend your left leg so as to almost sit on your left foot. Keep your right leg straight or slightly bent at the knee. Supporting yourself with your arms behind you on the floor, slowly lower your upper body toward the floor in the same way as you did with the other leg.

CALF: Standing facing wall, counter or table top.

Plant your right foot flat on the floor, several feet from the wall or counter top you are facing. Step toward the wall or countertop with your left leg, but keep your right leg straight with your toes pointed directly forward. Support yourself with your arms against the wall as needed, and bend the left leg to allow forward motion. If you are doing the stretch the right way, you will feel the tightness or discomfort in your right upper calf area. Maintain this stretch and be sure you don’t bend your knee on the side being stretched or you will lose the stretch.

Plant your left foot flat on the floor, several feet from the wall or counter top you are facing. Step toward the wall or countertop with your right leg, but keep your left leg straight with your toes pointed directly forward.

Support yourself with your arms against the wall as needed, and bend the right leg to allow forward motion. If you are doing the stretch the right way, you will feel the tightness or discomfort in your left upper calf area.

Hope you will read it carefully and then only you will try.